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Identification and ecotoxicity assessment of intermediates generated during the degradation of clofibric

Wenzhen LI, Yu DING, Qian SUI, Shuguang LU, Zhaofu QIU, Kuangfei LIN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 445-454 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0419-6

摘要： The aim of this study was to identify the intermediates in clofibric acid degradation under various advanced oxidation processes, namely ultraviolet (UV), UV/H O , vacuum ultraviolet (VUV), VUV/H O , and solar/TiO processes, as well as to assess the toxicity of these intermediates. Eleven intermediates have been detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, most of which were reported for the first time to our best knowledge. Combining the evolution of the dissolved organic carbon, Cl and specific ultraviolet absorption at 254 nm, it could be deduced that cleavage of aromatic ring followed by dechlorination was the mechanism in solar/TiO process, while dechlorination happened first and accumulation of aromatic intermediates occurred in the other processes. Different transformation pathways were proposed for UV-, VUV-assisted and solar/TiO processes, respectively. The acute toxicity was evaluated by means of T spp. bioassay. It was believed that aromatic intermediates increased the toxicity and the ring-opening pathway in solar/TiO process could relieve the toxicity.

关键词： clofibric acid advanced oxidation processes intermediates toxicity Photobacterium phosphoreum T₃ spp.

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Toxic effect of sodium perfluorononyloxy-benzenesulfonate on in aerobic denitrification, cell structure and gene expression

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1391-9

摘要：

• OBS inhibited the growth of P. stutzeri and destroyed its structure.

关键词： Sodium perfluorononyloxy-benzenesulfonate Aerobic denitrification Pseudomonas stutzeri Ecotoxicity ROS Persist organic pollutants Toxicity Denitrification Microbiology

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Ecotoxicity assessment of soil irrigated with domestic wastewater using different extractions

Wenyan LIANG,Lili SUI,Yuan ZHAO,Feizhen LI,Lijun LIU,Di XIE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第4期页码 685-693 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0752-z

摘要： The toxicity of soil irrigated with treated domestic wastewater (site A) and untreated gray wastewater (site B) were investigated. Soil extracts were prepared using distilled water, acid solvent (0.1 mol·L HCl), and organic solvent (acetone:petroleum ether:cyclohexane= 1:1:1) to understand the type of pollutants responsible for the ecotoxicity associated with wastewater irrigation. The soil toxicity was assessed using a luminescence inhibition assay with for acute toxicity, a micronucleus assay with root tips and a single cell gel electrophoresis assay of mice lymphocytes for genotoxicity. The physicochemical properties and the heavy metal (HM) contents of the irrigated soil were also analyzed. The results indicated that the wastewater irrigation at site A had no effects on the soil properties. With the exception of Pb, Zn, Fe, and Mn, the accumulation of HMs (Cu, Ni, and Cr) occurred. However, the irrigation at site A did not result in obvious acute toxicity or genotoxicity in the soil. The soil properties changed greatly, and HMs (Cu, Ni, and Cr) accumulated in site B. There were significant increases in the acute toxic and genotoxic effects in the soils from site B. The ecotoxicity in site B came primarily from organic-extractable pollutants.

关键词： ecotoxicology domestic wastewater soil irrigation risk assessment organic extraction

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中国地表水中优先控制新兴有机污染物的筛选 Article

仲蒙蒙, 王铁龙, 赵文星, 黄俊, 王斌, Lee Blaney, 卜庆伟, 余刚

《工程（英文）》 2022年第11卷第4期页码 111-125 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.12.023

摘要：

近20 年来，新兴有机污染物（EOC）在水环境中的污染现状和潜在危害引起了人们的广泛关注。由于EOC的种类多、数量大，监测项目、治理措施和法律法规应重点关注对生态系统和人体健康产生重要影响的污染物。本文提出了一种基于危害指数和暴露指数的多标准筛选方法，用于对我国地表水检出的405 种未管控的新兴污染物进行优先筛选。对污染物的危害效应、暴露潜力、生态风险和人体健康风险进行定量分析和初步筛选。危害指数为污染物持久性、生物累积性、生态毒性和人体健康危害的综合效应。同样，暴露指数为检出浓度和检出频率的综合函数。根据危害指数和暴露指数标准化值的乘积，对通过初步筛选的123 种污染物进行优先指数排序。根据排序结果，11 种污染物被列为最高优先等级，36 种污染物被列为高优先等级。通过比较优先指数与暴露指数、危害指数、生态风险、人体健康风险的排序结果，发现优先指数可以有效地整合单个指标的排序结果。根据暴露数据和危害数据的可获得性，划分了4 种不确定类别，并针对4 种不确定类别提出不同的应对措施：①对不确定类别1 中的污染物进行常规监测，制定环境质量标准和管控策略；②对不确定类别2 中的污染物增加环境监测项目；③不对确定类别3 中的污染物增加危害评估；④对不确定类别4 中的污染物增加环境监测和危害评估。总体上，本文提出了我国地表水中应优先控制的19 种新兴污染物名录建议，该名录为我国地表水中EOC的监测、控制、评价和管理提供了必要的信息。

关键词：优先筛选新兴有机污染物危害指数生态毒性风险评估

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A multi-integrated approach on toxicity effects of engineered TiO

Ana PICADO,Susana M. PAIXÃO,Liliana MOITA,Luis SILVA,Mário S. DINIZ,Joana LOURENÇO,Isabel PERES,Luisa CASTRO,José Brito CORREIA,Joana PEREIRA,Isabel FERREIRA,António Pedro Alves MATOS,Pedro BARQUINHA,Elsa MENDONCA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第5期页码 793-803 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0775-0

摘要： The new properties of engineered nanoparticles drive the need for new knowledge on the safety, fate, behavior and biologic effects of these particles on organisms and ecosystems. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have been used extensively for a wide range of applications, e.g, self-cleaning surface coatings, solar cells, water treatment agents, topical sunscreens. Within this scenario increased environmental exposure can be expected but data on the ecotoxicological evaluation of nanoparticles are still scarce. The main purpose of this work was the evaluation of effects of TiO nanoparticles in several organisms, covering different trophic levels, using a battery of aquatic assays. Using fish as a vertebrate model organism tissue histological and ultrastructural observations and the stress enzyme activity were also studied. TiO nanoparticles (Aeroxide® P25), two phase composition of anatase (65%) and rutile (35%) with an average particle size value of 27.6±11 nm were used. Results on the EC for the tested aquatic organisms showed toxicity for the bacteria, the algae and the crustacean, being the algae the most sensitive tested organism. The aquatic plant showed no effect on growth. The fish showed no effect on a 21 day survival test, though at a biochemical level the cytosolic Glutathione-S-Transferase total activity, in intestines, showed a general significant decrease ( <0.05) after 14 days of exposure for all tested concentrations. The presence of TiO nanoparticles aggregates were observed in the intestine lumen but their internalization by intestine cells could not be confirmed.

关键词： ecotoxicity enzymatic analysis histology transmission electron microscopy (TEM) TiO₂-nanoparticles